Arjuna speaks12.1

एवं सततयुक्ता ये भक्तास्त्वां पर्युपासते।येचाप्यक्षरमव्यक्तं तेषां के योगवित्तमाः॥

evaṃ satata-yuktā ye bhaktās tvāṃ paryupāsateye cāpy akṣaram avyaktaṃ teṣāṃ ke yoga-vittamāḥ

Word by word
arjunaḥ uvāca — Arjun saidevam — thussatata — steadfastlyyuktāḥ — devotedye — thosebhaktāḥ — devoteestvām — youparyupāsate — worshipye — thoseca — andapi — alsoakṣaram — the imperishableavyaktam — the formless Brahmanteṣām — of themke — whoyoga-vit-tamāḥ — more perfect in Yog

The verse says

Arjuna said: Those who worship you constantly, joined to you in devotion, and those who worship the imperishable and unmanifest — which of them knows the practice better?

In plain words

After the vision, a practical question.

Arjuna has just seen the limitless form and asked for the familiar one back. Now he asks outright which road is the right one.

It is the question every reader of the last chapter is left holding.

Where you've felt this · in study

Two people are learning the same subject. One works through problems until the method is in her hands. The other reads around it until she can say why the method works. Each privately suspects the other has taken the easier route, and neither has said so out loud.

Going deeper

Asking which of two good paths is better is a more useful question than it sounds, because the honest answer is rarely the one people expect.

Arjuna is not asking out of idle curiosity. Chapter 11 gave him the formless at full strength and he could not stay in it; he asked for the four-armed form back and got it without comment. So the question is personal. He wants to know whether what he just did was a retreat.

The answer, over the next four verses, is unusually direct for this book.

And the shape of the question is worth copying. He does not ask which is truer. He asks which works, for people, and that turns out to be a different question with a different answer.